Optical fiber functions based on which principle?

Optical fibers work on the principle of total internal reflection, where light signals are transmitted through a glass core by repeatedly bouncing off the inner walls without loss. This allows high-speed data transmission over long distances, critical for telecommunications and internet connectivity. Options A (Refraction, bending of light), C (Diffraction, spreading of light), and D (Dispersion, separation of light) are incorrect, as total internal reflection is the specific mechanism enabling optical fiber functionality.