Provincial Management Service (PMS) / Combined Competitive Examination 2021 (BS-17) – Services & General Administration Department – Held on 26 June 2022

The Shekel; Israel’s official currency since 1985; replaced the old shekel to stabilize the economy. Named after a historical unit of weight; it underpins Israel’s financial system. Euro is Europe’s currency; Pound is used in the UK; and Krone in Scandinavian nations. Understanding global currencies is key for analyzing international trade; economic policies; and their historical significance in shaping national economies.

The 2022 International Forest Day theme; "Forests and sustainable production and consumption;" promoted responsible forest resource use to support sustainability goals. It emphasized forests’ role in eco-friendly materials and climate change mitigation. Other options address different environmental aspects. This theme drives awareness of conservation; influencing policies and practices for sustainable resource management globally.

Beijing; China; hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics from February 4-20; becoming the first city to host both Summer and Winter Games. Its infrastructure and climate suited the event. Japan; Italy; and the US hosted other Olympics. This event showcases China’s global influence; significant for studying sports diplomacy; tourism; and infrastructure development.

Australia and New Zealand co-hosted the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup; a first for dual-nation hosting; promoting women’s football in the Asia-Pacific. Qatar hosted the 2022 men’s event. This collaboration highlights regional partnerships; key for studying sports-driven economic growth and gender equality in athletics.

In 1960; a US U-2 spy plane was shot down over Soviet territory; escalating Cold War tensions. Pilot Francis Gary Powers’ capture sparked a diplomatic crisis. Other years are unrelated. This event underscores espionage’s role in geopolitics; vital for analyzing intelligence strategies and international relations during the 20th century.

London is situated along the River Thames; a vital artery for trade and urban growth. The Thames shapes London’s historical and economic landscape. Rhine; Danube; and Seine flow through other European cities. Understanding river geography aids in studying urban development and the cultural significance of waterways in major cities.

Finland topped the 2022 World Happiness Report due to strong social support; high life expectancy; and trust in governance. Other nations ranked lower. This ranking highlights factors like welfare systems; key for studying national well-being; policy development; and global comparisons of societal happiness and progress.

On December 24; 1979; the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support a communist regime; triggering a decade-long conflict. Other dates are incorrect. This invasion shaped Cold War dynamics and regional instability; significant for studying geopolitical strategies; international interventions; and their long-term effects on global politics.

The euro was launched on January 1; 1999; as an electronic currency for financial transactions in the Eurozone; with physical currency following in 2002. Other dates don’t align. Its adoption unified European economies; crucial for studying economic integration; trade facilitation; and global financial systems.

Constantinople fell to Ottoman Turks in 1453 under Mehmed II; ending the Byzantine Empire and shifting global trade routes. Other years are incorrect. This conquest reshaped Eurasian history; significant for studying cultural exchanges; military strategies; and their impact on modern geopolitics.

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) was founded in 1969 in Rabat; Morocco; to foster solidarity among Muslim nations. Other years don’t match. The OIC’s role in diplomacy and cultural preservation is key for studying international cooperation and collective strategies within the Muslim world.

Selling old newspapers in non-profits generates revenue income; as it’s a recurring; operational transaction. Capital expenditure and receipts involve assets; revenue expenses cover daily costs. This classification aids in understanding financial management; key for studying budgeting and sustainability in non-profit organizations.

Indira Gandhi imposed a national emergency in India on June 25; 1975; citing internal threats; suspending civil liberties until 1977. Other years are incorrect. This period impacted India’s democracy; offering insights into governance challenges; emergency powers; and their societal effects in political studies.

Wang Yi; China’s Foreign Minister; attended the 2022 OIC meeting in Islamabad; strengthening ties with Muslim nations. Other names are historical or incorrect. This engagement reflects China’s diplomatic outreach; significant for studying global alliances; trade initiatives; and strategic partnerships like the Belt and Road.

The ceasefire line; later the Line of Control; was set in 1949 after the first Indo-Pak War over Kashmir; via a UN agreement. Other years don’t align. This line shapes South Asian geopolitics; key for studying border disputes; peace negotiations; and international mediation efforts.

KUNA; the Kuwait News Agency; serves as Kuwait’s official state news outlet; covering national and global events. Other countries have different agencies. Understanding media sources like KUNA is crucial for analyzing information dissemination and state narratives in the Gulf region’s journalism and diplomacy.

Herodotus; a 5th-century BCE Greek historian; earned the title Father of History for his work "Histories;" documenting events like the Greco-Persian Wars. Others contributed later. His methods shaped historiography; significant for studying historical inquiry; evidence-based narratives; and their influence on modern historical analysis.

Maulana Rumi was born in Balkh; modern-day Afghanistan; in 1207; later settling in Konya; Turkey; where he composed his poetry. Other locations are incorrect. His works influence Sufism and literature; key for studying spiritual traditions and cultural exchanges in Islamic history.

Leonardo da Vinci crafted the Mona Lisa around 1503-1506; renowned for its enigmatic expression and Renaissance techniques. Other artists produced different works. Housed in the Louvre; it symbolizes artistic mastery; significant for studying art history; cultural heritage; and Renaissance innovations.

Angela Merkel was Germany’s Chancellor from 2005 to 2021; totaling 16 years; navigating economic and refugee crises. Other durations are incorrect. Her leadership shaped European politics; offering insights into governance; diplomacy; and stability in modern political studies.

The World Bank was established in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference to support post-war reconstruction and global development. Other years don’t match. Its role in funding projects is key for studying international finance; poverty reduction; and economic policies shaping global growth.

Four US presidents—Lincoln; Garfield; McKinley; and Kennedy—were assassinated; highlighting political violence risks. Others survived attempts. These events underscore security challenges; significant for studying US governance; leadership safety; and the impact of assassinations on national policy.

Income and expenditure analysis reveals a deficit budget when spending exceeds revenue. Surplus is the opposite; fiscal deficit a broader term. This concept is crucial for public finance; aiding in understanding resource management; debt strategies; and economic planning in governance studies.

Christopher Columbus; born in Genoa; Italy; in 1451; sailed for Spain; discovering the Americas in 1492. Other countries are unrelated. His voyages sparked the Age of Exploration; key for studying global trade; colonization; and cultural exchanges in world history.

SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) comprises eight members

Afghanistan became SAARC’s eighth member in 2007; expanding regional dialogue. Nepal; Maldives; and Bhutan are founding members. This inclusion reflects SAARC’s evolving scope; significant for studying regional alliances and their impact on South Asian stability and cooperation.

National Sanctity of Human Life Day 2022 was observed on January 22; aligning with Roe v. Wade’s anniversary to promote life protection. Other dates are incorrect. This day fuels ethical debates; key for studying social movements; legal frameworks; and human rights in the US.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah labeled Kashmir’s Instrument of Accession to India in 1947 as illegal; contesting its legitimacy. Others didn’t make this claim. This stance fuels the Kashmir dispute; key for studying Pakistan’s position on sovereignty and international law.

Abdul Karim; nicknamed Little Karim; was a Pakistani mountaineer famed for climbing peaks like K2. Other roles don’t apply. His feats highlight Pakistan’s mountaineering legacy; significant for studying adventure sports and the country’s rugged terrain in global contexts.

Gurdaspur; a Muslim-majority area; was awarded to India in 1947; providing a land route to Kashmir. Other areas weren’t similarly allocated. This decision shaped the Kashmir conflict; crucial for studying partition’s geopolitical consequences and border disputes in South Asia.

Taxila was the cultural and intellectual center of the Gandhara Civilization; known for its Buddhist monasteries and university. Other sites belong to different civilizations. Taxila’s legacy informs studies of ancient education and cultural exchanges along the Silk Route.

The Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) oversees the Pakistan Stock Exchange; ensuring market transparency. Other entities have different roles. This regulation is vital for economic stability; key for studying financial governance and market operations in Pakistan.

Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman authored “Sharah e Pakistan;” chronicling the Pakistan Movement. Other figures wrote different works. The book offers primary insights into independence struggles; significant for studying Pakistan’s ideological and political foundations.

Manzur Qadir served as Pakistan’s Foreign Minister from 1958 to 1962 under Ayub Khan; shaping foreign policy. Other tenures are incorrect. His role highlights legal and diplomatic contributions; key for studying Pakistan’s international relations during the Cold War.

The Federal Shariat Court was founded in 1980 to ensure laws align with Islamic principles; per Pakistan’s Constitution. Other years don’t match. Its role is pivotal in legal systems; significant for studying the interplay of religion and law in Pakistan’s judiciary.

The 1965 Indo-Pak War lasted 17 days; from September 6 to 22; ending with a UN ceasefire. Other durations are incorrect. This conflict over Kashmir highlights military strategies; significant for studying South Asian geopolitics and defense history.

Oil dominates commercial energy consumption globally and in Pakistan due to its use in transport and industry. Other sources have lesser shares. Understanding energy trends is key for analyzing economic development; environmental policies; and sustainable resource management.

Francis Mudie was Punjab’s first governor after 1947; managing partition challenges. Others held different roles. His tenure reflects early administrative efforts; significant for studying Pakistan’s post-independence governance and regional stability.

The Indus Valley Civilization (circa 2600 BCE) pioneered sophisticated underground drainage systems in cities like Mohenjo-Daro. Other civilizations had less advanced systems. This innovation highlights advanced urban planning; key for studying ancient engineering and societal organization in South Asia.

Pakistan’s National Assembly has 272 general seats; elected directly; excluding reserved seats. Other numbers are incorrect. This structure defines legislative representation; crucial for studying Pakistan’s parliamentary system and democratic governance processes.

The 2022 Punjab Ordinance reduced the Speaker’s powers; impacting assembly proceedings. Other roles weren’t targeted. This reflects legislative power dynamics; significant for studying provincial governance and political balances in Pakistan’s federal structure.

Mian Abdur Rashid was Pakistan’s first Chief Justice in 1948; shaping the judiciary’s early framework. Others served later. His role established legal precedents; significant for studying Pakistan’s judicial history; constitutional governance; and the development of its legal system.

Maqbool Butt; a Kashmiri activist; was executed in India in 1984; symbolizing the Kashmiri struggle. Other years are incorrect. His martyrdom fuels discussions on Kashmir’s political status; crucial for studying regional conflicts; human rights; and South Asian geopolitics.

Pakistan’s National Security Policy was approved on December 28; 2021; emphasizing economic and human security alongside defense. Other dates don’t align. This policy guides national priorities; significant for studying Pakistan’s strategic vision and modern security challenges.

The Gandhara School of Art thrived under the Kushanas (1st-3rd century CE); blending Greek and Indian styles in Buddhist art. Other dynasties had distinct art forms. This synthesis highlights cultural exchanges; key for studying ancient trade routes and artistic heritage in South Asia.

International Mother Language Day; observed on February 21; promotes linguistic diversity; inspired by Bangladesh’s 1952 language movement. Other dates are incorrect. This day underscores cultural preservation; vital for studying language’s role in identity; education; and global cultural heritage.

Philip Noel Baker; a British diplomat; spoke on the Kashmir issue at the UN in 1948; advocating resolution. Others were uninvolved. His role highlights early international mediation efforts; significant for studying diplomatic history and UN interventions in South Asian conflicts.

Sami Ullah Khan; a renowned Pakistani field hockey player; earned the nickname “Flying Horse” for his exceptional speed. Other players had different accolades. His contributions elevated Pakistan’s hockey legacy; significant for studying sports history; national pride; and athletic achievements in the 1970s and 1980s.

Pervez Musharraf; former Pakistani president; wrote “In the Line of Fire;” detailing his leadership and policies. Other leaders penned different works. The memoir offers insights into Pakistan’s political landscape; crucial for studying military governance; foreign policy; and leadership dynamics during his era.

Arooj Aftab won Pakistan’s first Grammy in 2022 for Best Global Music Performance; blending jazz and Sufi music. Others are notable but didn’t win. Her achievement highlights Pakistan’s cultural influence; significant for studying global music trends and diaspora contributions to the arts.

The Nishan-e-Haider; Pakistan’s highest military honor; has been awarded 11 times for extraordinary bravery; mainly in Indo-Pak wars. Other numbers are incorrect. This award reflects military valor; key for studying national heroism and sacrifices in Pakistan’s defense history.

Shah Jahan constructed Shalimar Bagh in Lahore in 1642; a Mughal architectural gem with terraced gardens. Other emperors built different sites. Its design reflects Mughal aesthetics; significant for studying cultural heritage; urban planning; and architectural history in South Asia.

Kaavan; an elephant from Islamabad’s zoo; was sent to Cambodia in 2020 following a court ruling for animal welfare. Other countries were not involved. This case highlights global animal rights efforts; key for studying conservation; judicial intervention; and environmental ethics.

Abul Fazl wrote “Akbarnama;” a detailed chronicle of Emperor Akbar’s reign and policies. Other figures authored different texts. This work provides insights into Mughal governance; significant for studying historical documentation; administration; and cultural heritage in the subcontinent.

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto served as Pakistan’s first civilian Martial Law Administrator in 1971; post-Yahya Khan’s regime. Others held different roles. His tenure marked a governance shift; crucial for studying civilian-military dynamics and political transitions in Pakistan’s history.

Farooq Ahmad Leghari was Pakistan’s President from November 14; 1993; to December 2; 1997; navigating political crises. Other periods are incorrect. His presidency highlights democratic challenges; significant for studying constitutional roles and political stability in Pakistan.

Amir Khusrau; a 13th-century poet-musician; pioneered qawwali and classical music in the subcontinent. Others contributed later. His innovations shaped South Asian music; key for studying cultural synthesis; musical heritage; and Islamic influences in the region.

General Frank Meservy served as Pakistan’s first Commander-in-Chief from 1947 to 1948; shaping the army’s early structure. Others served later. His role is significant for studying Pakistan’s military establishment and its evolution during the post-independence period.

Moeen Qureshi was caretaker Prime Minister in July 1993; stabilizing Pakistan during a political transition. Other dates are incorrect. His brief tenure focused on economic reforms; key for studying caretaker governance and crisis management in Pakistan’s political history.

On June 15; 2022; Punjab’s Governor issued an ordinance curbing the Speaker’s powers; impacting assembly dynamics. Other dates are incorrect. This reflects legislative power struggles; significant for studying provincial politics and governance in Pakistan’s federal structure.

Frederick Bourne was East Bengal’s first Governor after 1947; managing early administrative challenges. Others held different roles. His tenure reflects colonial transitions; crucial for studying Pakistan’s regional governance and administrative history post-independence.

Uzbekistan’s President Shavkat Mirziyoyev visited Pakistan in March 2022; boosting trade and security ties. Other leaders didn’t visit then. This visit underscores Central-South Asian connectivity; key for studying regional diplomacy and economic partnerships.

Hissein Brahim Taha from Chad has been OIC Secretary-General since 2020; leading Muslim unity efforts. Other countries are incorrect. His role highlights African representation; significant for studying OIC’s diplomatic and cultural initiatives in global forums.

Hamza Shahbaz became Punjab’s 20th Chief Minister in 2022; navigating political challenges. Other numbers are incorrect. His tenure reflects provincial political dynamics; key for studying leadership transitions and governance issues in Pakistan’s largest province.

In 2022; Pakistan was on the FATF Grey List for monitoring anti-money laundering efforts. White indicates compliance; Black severe deficiencies. This status impacts financial credibility; significant for studying global economic regulations and Pakistan’s fiscal reforms.

Limestone; formed from marine organism remains; is a sedimentary rock; common in geological formations. Igneous and metamorphic rocks have different origins. Understanding rock types is key for studying Earth’s history; resource extraction; and environmental science applications.

The Jhelum and Chenab Rivers meet at Trimmu in Punjab; Pakistan; forming a critical irrigation hub. Other locations are incorrect. This confluence supports agriculture; significant for studying water management; economic development; and river systems’ role in Pakistan’s agrarian economy.

In the Northern Hemisphere; winds circulate clockwise around high-pressure systems due to the Coriolis effect. Counter-clockwise applies to low pressure. This pattern informs weather forecasting; crucial for studying atmospheric dynamics; climate systems; and meteorology in environmental science.

A tropical cyclone becomes a hurricane when wind speeds exceed 74 mph; causing significant damage. Other speeds are below the threshold. This classification guides disaster preparedness; key for studying climate impacts; emergency response; and meteorological phenomena globally.

Sedimentary rocks; like limestone; are porous; allowing water or oil to pass through; unlike hard igneous or brittle metamorphic rocks. This property makes them vital for aquifers and oil reservoirs; significant for studying geological resources and environmental science applications.

The ozone layer; in the stratosphere; absorbs harmful UV radiation; protecting life. Other layers have different roles. Its study is crucial for understanding atmospheric science; environmental policies; and efforts to combat ozone depletion and climate change.

Venus is Earth’s closest planetary neighbor; averaging 41 million kilometers away; often visible as the “evening star.” Mercury is closer to the Sun; Jupiter and Neptune farther. This proximity aids astronomical studies; significant for understanding planetary orbits and space exploration.

Cholistan Desert in Punjab; Pakistan; is also called Rohi Desert; known for its arid landscape and nomadic culture. Other names don’t apply. Studying deserts informs environmental management and cultural preservation in arid regions; key for geographic studies.

Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets; leading to weak bones in children. Scurvy and night blindness stem from other deficiencies. This knowledge guides nutritional policies; significant for public health; disease prevention; and studying dietary impacts on growth and development.

Vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness; impairing low-light vision. Other conditions relate to different deficiencies. This understanding informs dietary recommendations; crucial for studying vision health; nutritional science; and public health strategies addressing deficiency diseases.

Vitamin E; a fat-soluble antioxidant; is stored in adipose tissues; protecting cells from damage. Other options are incorrect. This storage mechanism is key for studying metabolic processes; nutritional health; and the body’s nutrient management in medical sciences.

Fat is stored in subcutaneous tissues beneath the skin; serving as energy reserves. Other organs have different functions. This storage is crucial for studying obesity; metabolism; and energy balance in nutritional and medical research; informing health policies.

Sulphur dioxide from industrial emissions reacts with the Taj Mahal’s marble; causing yellowing. Other gases have less impact. This highlights air pollution’s effect on heritage sites; significant for studying environmental conservation and cultural preservation efforts.

Fructose; a simple sugar in fruits and honey; is a monosaccharide. Disaccharides like maltose are complex sugars. This classification aids in understanding carbohydrate metabolism; crucial for studying nutritional science and dietary planning in health contexts.

Vitamin B6; known as pyridoxine; supports metabolism and brain health. Retinol is Vitamin A; tocopherol Vitamin E; scurvy a disease. This knowledge informs nutritional guidelines; significant for studying biochemical processes and health maintenance in medical science.

The wilting point is the soil moisture level below which plants cannot extract water; causing wilting. Other terms are incorrect. This concept is vital for agriculture; guiding irrigation practices and crop health studies for sustainable farming and resource management.

Gregor Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment states genes for different traits segregate independently during gamete formation. Others contributed to different fields. This principle underpins genetics; significant for studying inheritance; breeding; and biological diversity in science.

Natural gas emits fewer pollutants than petrol; diesel; or coal; making it the least polluting fossil fuel. This property guides energy policies; key for studying environmental sustainability; climate change mitigation; and cleaner energy alternatives in modern contexts.

Lactose; a disaccharide; is the sugar in milk; broken down by lactase. Other sugars are found elsewhere. This knowledge aids in understanding digestion and lactose intolerance; significant for studying nutritional science and health-related dietary issues.

Canning uses high pressure and heat to sterilize and preserve fruits and vegetables; preventing spoilage. Other options are incorrect. This process is vital for food safety; key for studying food technology; preservation methods; and public health standards.

Egg yolk protein is not particularly rich in calcium; iron; or cholesterol; it contains balanced nutrients. Cholesterol is present but not protein-specific. This understanding guides dietary choices; significant for studying nutrition; health impacts; and dietary planning in medical contexts.

Creminata; likely a typo for a condition like beriberi; results from Vitamin B deficiency; affecting nerve and heart function. Other vitamins cause different diseases. This informs nutritional health strategies; crucial for studying deficiency diseases and public health interventions.

Nitrous oxide; called laughing gas; is used in anesthesia for its euphoric effects. Other gases have different properties. Its application highlights medical and chemical uses; significant for studying pharmacology; gas chemistry; and clinical practices.

In PowerPoint; the header and footer button is in the Text group under the Insert tab; enabling slide customization. Other groups serve different functions. This feature enhances presentation design; key for studying office software and effective communication tools.

Ctrl+K inserts hyperlinks in MS Word; linking to websites or documents. Other shortcuts perform different tasks. This feature streamlines navigation; significant for studying productivity software; digital documentation; and efficient workflow design in computing.

Digital plotters produce precise; high-quality drawings for CAD systems; ideal for technical designs. Other printers are less accurate. This technology is vital for engineering; significant for studying design software and precision printing in technical fields.

MS Excel is primarily used for data entry and preparation; enabling organization and analysis. Other functions are secondary. Its versatility supports business and research; key for studying data management; analytical tools; and spreadsheet applications.

Windows XP is an operating system; software; unlike RAM; monitor; and scanner; which are hardware. This distinction clarifies computer components; essential for studying IT infrastructure; system functionality; and the role of software in computing.

Headers and footers in MS Word improve readability in large documents by adding consistent information like page numbers. Other benefits are secondary. This feature aids organization; key for studying professional writing and document design in publishing.

MS Word’s formatting toolbar offers font sizes from 8 to 72; suitable for various document needs. Other ranges are incorrect. This range supports text customization; significant for studying document design; typography; and professional communication standards.

The train journey from 8

With 5% annual depreciation; the article’s value after 4 years is 12;000 × (0.95)^4 ≈ 9774. Other values are incorrect. This compound depreciation formula is crucial for financial planning; significant for studying asset valuation and economic analysis.

From 1994 to 1970 (24 years; three 8-year periods); enrollment doubled thrice. Thus; 6000 ÷ (2^3) = 750. Other values are incorrect. Exponential growth models are key for studying population dynamics and resource planning in mathematics.

For a rectangle with area 297 cm² (L × W = 297); if length increases by 3 cm and width decreases by 1 cm; the new area is 300 cm². Solving (L+3)(W-1) = 300 and LW = 297 gives length = 11 cm; width = 27 cm. Other pairs don’t fit. This tests algebraic modeling; key for geometry and problem-solving.

The Holy Quran was first translated into Sindhi in the subcontinent by scholars like Akhund Azizullah in the 19th century; enhancing accessibility. Other languages followed later. This translation reflects cultural integration; significant for studying linguistic and Islamic heritage in South Asia.