“A submarine operates based on which scientific principle?”

"Archimedes’ Principle governs the functionality of submarines by explaining buoyancy. This principle states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Submarines adjust their buoyancy by controlling water intake in ballast tanks allowing them to dive or surface. By applying Archimedes’ Principle submarines achieve precise depth control making it fundamental to their design and operation. This scientific law discovered by the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes remains critical in marine engineering and underwater navigation technologies."