“The model where the Sun was thought to orbit the Earth was first proposed by which astronomer?”

"Ptolemy a Greco-Roman astronomer proposed the geocentric model positing that the Earth was the center of the universe with the Sun and planets revolving around it. Detailed in his work Almagest this model dominated astronomical thought for centuries using epicycles to explain planetary motions. Ptolemy’s framework influenced medieval science and navigation until the heliocentric model gained prominence. His contributions to astronomy including star catalogs and mathematical models shaped early understandings of celestial mechanics despite the eventual shift to Copernicus’ Sun-centered theory."