Huntington said clashes primarily stem from

Samuel Huntington’s 1993 ‘Clash of Civilizations’ theory posits that future conflicts will arise from cultural and civilizational differences; not ideology. He identified civilizations like Western and Islamic as key divides. Religion (B) is a factor but not primary; and US-USSR (C) reflects Cold War dynamics; not Huntington’s focus. The correct answer; A) Civilization; is a key concept in international relations exams.