The doctrine of impossibility of performance that makes a contract void is based on

The doctrine of impossibility of performance that makes a contract void is based on
A: A commercial impossibility
B: A supervening impossibility
C: A just and reasonable ground
D: An unjust enrichment

The doctrine of supervening impossibility means a contract becomes void when it cannot be performed due to circumstances beyond control. For example if a natural disaster destroys the subject of contract it is impossible to perform. Courts use this doctrine to ensure fairness. It protects parties from penalties when failure is due to events not caused by them. This principle is important in contract law for justice and balance.