A system of recruitment in which higher position is open to all the qualified candidates who may apply is:

A system of recruitment in which higher position is open to all the qualified candidates who may apply is:
Answer: Recruitment by competition

Recruitment by competition involves open, merit-based selection for higher positions, ensuring fairness and competence. Studying this highlights its role in public administration, the challenges of transparent hiring, and its impact on organizational quality. It also offers insights into how meritocracy strengthens institutions, providing lessons on designing fair recruitment systems to attract talent and enhance governance.