Rafiq Tarar, the former President of Pakistan, submitted his resignation to:

Rafiq Tarar, Pakistan’s President from 1998 to 2001, resigned in June 2001 to General Pervez Musharraf, who assumed the presidency post-coup. Studying this highlights Pakistan’s political transitions, the challenges of military influence, and the impact on governance. It also offers insights into how power shifts shape democracy, providing lessons on the need for constitutional checks and democratic resilience to maintain stability in politically volatile periods.