What substance accelerates a chemical reaction without being consumed?

A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering activation energy without being consumed, widely used in industries like petroleum refining. Studying this highlights its role in chemical processes, the challenges of optimizing reactions, and its impact on industrial efficiency. For Pakistan, this provides lessons on advancing chemical engineering research, leveraging catalysts in industries like fertilizers to enhance production, and supporting STEM education to foster innovation in science and technology.