Justice Teja Singh participated in the boundary adjudications for Punjab. The Commission faced intense demographic and political pressures. Its award shaped partition lines and migrations.
The high-altitude Shandur Pass hosts freestyle polo between Gilgit-Baltistan and Chitral teams. The July event blends sport with music and camping. It showcases mountain culture and tourism.
President Iskandar (Iskander) Mirza imposed martial law in October 1958 and annulled the 1956 Constitution. Soon after; Ayub Khan assumed control. The episode ended Pakistan’s first parliamentary experiment.
On 23 March 1956 Pakistan adopted its first constitution and became the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The Governor-General’s office ended; replaced by a President. Republic Day commemorates the event.
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman outlined a foreign policy of non-alignment and goodwill. The phrase signaled de-escalation and development focus. It became a hallmark of Bangladesh’s early diplomacy.
Waqar-ul-Mulk; a key Aligarh Movement leader; steered institutional governance during expansion. His organizational skills complemented educational reform. The network nurtured a generation of Muslim leaders.
Rear Admiral James Wilfred Jefford led the nascent Pakistan Navy post-1947. Early priorities included fleet transfer; training; and base development. Pakistani admirals succeeded him as localization advanced.
The People’s Republic of China is ruled by a communist party and describes its system as “socialism with Chinese characteristics.” State ownership and planning coexist with market mechanisms. Political monopoly defines the regime type.
Parliamentary executives answer daily to the legislature and face periodic elections. Question Time; votes; and committees hold ministers to account. The feedback loop is continuous.
Absolute sovereignty asserts indivisible; ultimate authority. It rejects divided or shared supremacy. Monism grounds legal order in a single apex source.
The Constitution is silent on political parties; and some framers distrusted factions. Parties nevertheless emerged as indispensable organizing structures. They later became pillars of American democracy.
Lincoln tied moral desert to universal freedom; a theme consistent with his wartime leadership. He framed liberty as indivisible in a just order. The quote endures in civil rights rhetoric.
Many unitary states operate with uncodified arrangements and flexible amendment methods; while others codify rigidly; the central idea is centralized supremacy. Unitary design simplifies constitutional change by statute. The contrast is with federal entrenchment.
Aristotle’s politeia links the being of a state to its constitution—the ordering of offices and authority. Different constitutions yield different regimes and citizens. The state is inseparable from its constitutional form.
Syed Hussain Bilgrami prepared the memorandum for the 1906 Simla Deputation to the Viceroy. It sought political safeguards for Indian Muslims. The event catalyzed the formation of the Muslim League.
Sir Frank Messervy briefly served as Pakistan’s first Commander-in-Chief after independence. British officers initially held top commands pending localization. Pakistani leadership followed in quick succession.
Hyderabad initially sought independence under the Nizam. The stand-off ended with Indian police action in 1948 and accession to India. The episode highlighted princely state dilemmas.
Tehreek-e-Istiqlal (1967) advocated constitutionalism and clean politics. It contested early elections and later joined opposition alliances. Asghar Khan’s stature gave it national visibility.
Pakistan’s external agenda intertwines security; the Kashmir dispute; and economic connectivity. Priorities adapt to regional shifts and global alignments. Policy instruments include alliances; CBMs; and trade corridors.
The Constitution prescribes 30 years; along with citizenship and voter registration requirements. Candidates are elected by provincial assemblies via STV. Tenure spans six years with staggered renewal.